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Environmental Systems Research

Table 8 Daily rainfall comparison of observed, three RCM outputs, and five BCMs

From: Regional climate models and bias correction methods for rainfall-runoff modeling in Katar watershed, Ethiopia

Frequency-based indices

 

Time-series-based metrics

 

RCMs

BCMs

Mean (mm)

SD (–)

CV (–)

99th percentile(mm)

\({{\text{R}}}^{2}\)(–)

RMSE (mm/day)

MAE (mm/day)

\({{\text{P}}}_{{\text{BIAS}}}\)(%)

 

Obser

2.37

3.59

1.52

16.52

–

–

–

–

 

SIM

2.73

4.94

1.81

21.79

0.205

6.57

3.16

15.354

GERICS- MPI

LS

2.37

4.44

1.88

19.26

0.410

5.30

2.96

0.004

 

LOCI

2.37

4.44

1.88

19.27

0.435

5.29

2.96

0.003

 

PT

2.37

3.59

1.52

14.48

0.465

4.59

2.77

0.002

 

DM

2.23

3.38

1.51

13.86

0.455

4.44

2.64

− 0.001

 

ECDF

2.37

3.39

1.52

15.33

0.470

1.84

1.02

− 0.001

 

Obser

2.37

3.59

1.52

16.52

–

–

–

–

 

SIM

2.75

4.91

1.78

21.05

0.160

5.45

1.32

16.279

RAC4- NOAA- 2G

LS

2.37

4.82

2.04

20.23

0.375

5.55

1.23

0.003

 

LOCI

2.37

4.97

2.10

20.46

0.376

5.69

1.24

0.002

 

PT

2.37

3.59

1.52

14.41

0.454

4.52

1.15

− 0.003

 

DM

1.98

3.13

1.58

12.66

0.418

4.23

1.05

− 6.215

 

ECDF

2.37

3.39

1.52

15.33

0.461

1.84

1.43

− 0.002

 

Obser

2.37

3.59

1.52

16.52

–

–

–

–

 

SIM

2.85

5.99

2.10

30.16

0.160

6.67

3.47

19.988

CCLM4- NCC- AFR-22

LS

2.37

5.14

2.17

25.60

0.376

5.96

3.02

− 5.880

 

LOCI

2.31

5.24

2.27

26.19

0.376

6.04

3.08

− 5.882

 

PT

2.37

4.48

1.89

22.74

0.480

5.39

2.96

− 5.881

 

DM

2.37

5.21

2.20

27.36

0.404

6.02

3.09

− 6.765

 

ECDF

2.37

3.40

1.43

15.34

0.467

1.84

1.02

− 5.880

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