Table 1 Data source (primary and secondary data) of the study area

DEM(Digital elevation model)

ALOS PALSAR DEM data https://search.asf.alaska.edu/#/

DEM data to delineate and to calculate slope and altitude of the watershed

Other data (major soil types and LUTs)

Amber district Agriculture and Rural Development Office

Major Land Utilization Types in the study area

Altitude/Elevation/slope

ALOS PALSAR DEM data

DEM 12.5 m spatial resolution

Soil properties data

Direct Soil sample collection from Ambesh Watershed

ECe, pH, CEC, OC, N, P, K, CaCO3, Soil texture, soil depth etc

Rainfall and temperature

Ethiopian Meteorological Agency (Bahir dar branch) and www.usgsearthexplorer/ (the 2022 Landsat 8 image data), respectively

Mean Monthly and yearly rainfall and Land surface temperature of Landsat 8