Effects of combined nutrient and pesticide exposure on algal biomass, and Daphnia magna abundance

Environmental Systems Research

Table 3 Comparative results from MANOVA of the treatments

Compared treatments		Diff	Lower	Upper	p-adjusted
Nutrient-only^b	Control^a	− 1237.59	− 2069.31	− 405.86	0.0008	***
Combined treatment^c	Control^a	− 1891.37	− 2768.64	− 1014.10	0.0000	***
Pesticide-only treatment^a	Control^a	− 0.04	− 830.45	830.37	1.0000
Combined treatment^c	Nutrient-only^b	− 653.79	− 1252.15	− 55.42	0.0260	*
Pesticide-only treatment^a	Nutrient-only^b	1237.55	710.27	1764.82	0.0000	***
Pesticide-only treatment^a	Combined treatment^c	1891.33	1294.80	2487.87	0.0000	***

Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘’ 1
a – group a (Pesticide-only treatment and Experiment Control)
b – group b (Nutrient-only treatment)
c – group c (Combined Nutrients and Pesticides treatment)
The study indicated no significant difference among the treatments for algal biomass 9. This indicates that across treatments, only marginal differences were recorded on algal biomass