Health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements via consumption of vegetables irrigated with polluted river water in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Environmental Systems Research

Table 1 Average concentration of PTEs found in soil farmlands and irrigation water

Element	Burayu		Kolfea		Kera		Gofa		Akaki		Guidelines for max. levels in
Element	River (μg/L)	Soil (mg/kg)	River (μg/L)	Soil (mg/kg)	River (μg/L)	Soil (mg/kg)	River (μg/L)	Soil (mg/kg)	River (μg/L)	Soil (mg/kg	River (μg/L)^a	Soil (mg/kg)^b
As	< 1.0	2.44	1.3	2.21	1.1	2.41	1.2	2.09	1.9	1.87	100	20
Ba	55.5	96.42	125	128.48	102.5	272.92	130	175.14	145	187.64	–	–
B	11	0.10	1000	6.17	53.5	0.32	148	0.03	115	0.45	750	–
Cd	0.06	0.17	0.06	0.13	0.06	0.23	0.04	0.17	0.06	0.16	10	3
Cr	2.4	42.94	255	234. 23	2.35	42.25	3.85	49.87	46	21.16	100	100
Co	< 1.0	21.72	2.05	24.89	2.65	21.05	2.1	21.49	2.15	14.63	50	50
Cu	5.75	23.64	3.3	33.46	5.55	21.16	6.55	22.42	6.35	18.34	200	100
Fe	974	35,217	905	37,011	945	35,541	565	36,595	555	26,280	5000	50,d000^c
Mn	38	1135	2000	894.48	1150	1489.81	1300	1224.97	1400	844.21	200	2000^c
Ni	3.1	36.15	4.9	52.58	5.15	27.70	3.9	34.30	6.5	29.58	200	50
Sr	98.5	13.78	315	27.25	395	23.43	350	28.09	365	34.96	–	–
V	3.2	57.23	5.95	63.37	3.4	54.36	3	51.90	3.9	39.80	100	–
Zn	13	56.00	21	52.38	21.5	80.94	10.9	81.82	22.5	68.31	200	300