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Table 2 Range, mean and standard deviation of organophosphorus pesticides in soil of cocoa farms from Dormaa West District, Ghana

From: Organophosphorus pesticide residues in soils and drinking water sources from cocoa producing areas in Ghana

Sites

Nkrankwanta (S1)

Diabaa (S2)

Krakrom (S3)

Kwakuanya (S4)

Total means

US MRLs

Pesticides (mg/kg)

Range

Mean ± SD

Range

Mean ± SD

Range

Mean ± SD

Range

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

 

Chlorpyrifos (mg/kg)

0.03–0.06

0.04 ± 0.02

ND–0.04

0.03 ± 0.01

ND–0.01

0.01 ± –

ND–0.03

0.03 ± –

0.03 ± 0.01

0.03

Profenofos (mg/kg)

ND–0.02

0.02 ± –

ND–0.04

0.04 ± –

ND–0.04

0.04 ± –

ND–0.02

0.02 ± –

0.03 ± 0.01

0.05

Pirimiphos-methyl (mg/kg)

ND–0.05

0.04 ± 0.01

ND–0.02

0.02 ± –

ND–0.02

0.02 ± –

ND–0.01

0.01 ± –

0.02 ± 0.01

0.03

  1. SD standard deviation, ND non-detected/below detection, US MRLs United States maximum residue limits for pesticides in agricultural soils, Limit of detection = 0.010 mg/kg