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Table 3 Mean (± SE) concentrations of selected free amino acids in sugarcane leaf tissue (nanomoles/10 μl) from field plots amended with compost (605 kg/0.11-ha plot), greenchop mulch, greenchop that was soil-incorporated, and greenchop that was sprayed with compost tea then soil incorporated, and from control plots (all treatments received 119 kg/ha N fertilizer), Hidalgo Co. Texas, 2010 and 2011 (n = 6 replicates); free amino acids are given in bold were significantly (P < 0.05) affected

From: Mulched and soil-incorporated sugarcane greenchop residue and compost: effects on selected soil components, sugarcane nutrients, Mexican rice borer injury, and yield

Free amino acidsa

Yearb

Treatment

Fc

P

Control

Compost

Greenchop mulch

Greenchop soil incorporated

Greenchop +  compost tea soil incorporated

Alanine

2010

622 ± 82

562 ± 95

564 ± 129

618 ± 73

635 ± 82

0.13

0.9707

Arginine

 

194 ± 20

183 ± 18

167 ± 16

184 ± 28

198 ± 16

0.39

0.8147

Aspartic acid

 

492 ± 61

463 ± 47

420 ± 56

428 ± 69

453 ± 66

0.37

0.8270

Glutamic acid

 

651 ± 52

653 ± 75

632 ± 88

610 ± 85

615 ± 84

0.10

0.9827

Glycine

 

99 ± 32

179 ± 59

218 ± 38

134 ± 31

166 ± 27

1.48

0.2465

Histidine

 

210 ± 24

178 ± 19

155 ± 23

174 ± 21

184 ± 17

1.15

0.3602

Isoleucine

 

54 ± 18

38 ± 18

61 ± 23

48 ± 22

31 ± 20

0.42

0.7915

Leucine

 

117 ± 17

114 ± 15

134 ± 20

114 ± 16

116 ± 15

0.34

0.8446

Lysine

 

33 ± 15

27 ± 13

47 ± 10

30 ± 19

43 ± 15

0.58

0.6827

Methionine

 

0

0

0

0

0

–

–

Phenylalanine

 

25 ± 16

20 ± 20

34 ± 15

21 ± 13

17 ± 17

0.25

0.9081

Proline

 

0

0

0

0

0

–

–

Serine

 

348 ± 68

336 ± 98

361 ± 67

234 ± 56

302 ± 72

0.90

0.4843

Threonine

 

351 ± 36

289 ± 33

292 ± 21

278 ± 38

325 ± 72

2.52

0.0737

Tyrosine

 

114 ± 27

148 ± 17

137 ± 12

130 ± 13

141 ± 20

0.42

0.7905

Valine

 

159 ± 26

124 ± 19

148 ± 17

135 ± 22

142 ± 25

0.52

0.7200

Free essentialsd

 

1141 ± 145

974 ± 143

1,038 ± 118

984 ± 160

1057 ± 131

0.39

0.8109

Total

 

3468 ± 296

3317 ± 377

3372 ± 300

3139 ± 465

3369 ± 434

0.20

0.9339

Alanine

2011

583 ± 78

603 ± 88

579 ± 102

631 ± 97

649 ± 125

1.49

0.2388

Arginine

 

209 ± 23

207 ± 20

216 ± 18

204 ± 17

226 ± 21

0.52

0.7263

Aspartic acid

 

438 ± 55

422 ± 47

401 ± 41

431 ± 62

429 ± 53

0.39

0.8145

Glutamic acid

 

722 ± 98

693 ± 84

736 ± 102

717 ± 79

728 ± 82

0.73

0.5811

Glycine

 

151 ± 35

189 ± 47

173 ± 37

199 ± 44

165 ± 38

1.13

0.2663

Histidine

 

183 ± 26 b

288 ± 33 a

179 ± 22 b

162 ± 26 b

149 ± 21 b

16.44

 < 0.0001

Isoleucine

 

63 ± 25

59 ± 22

67 ± 22

71 ± 25

71 ± 23

0.23

0.9174

Leucine

 

129 ± 16

114 ± 21

121 ± 18

130 ± 14

118 ± 13

0.55

0.7323

Lysine

 

26 ± 9 b

71 ± 11 a

24 ± 8 b

21 ± 8 b

30 ± 8 b

28.63

 < 0.0001

Methionine

 

0

0

0

0

0

–

–

Phenylalanine

 

17 ± 7

12 ± 5

18 ± 6

13 ± 4

19 ± 6

0.21

0.9226

Proline

 

21 ± 4

17 ± 4

23 ± 5

16 ± 3

20 ± 4

0.62

0.6596

Serine

 

313 ± 54

286 ± 51

324 ± 61

316 ± 58

301 ± 50

1.01

0.4281

Threonine

 

275 ± 39

302 ± 48

286 ± 36

289 ± 40

308 ± 46

1.25

0.3226

Tyrosine

 

137 ± 18

145 ± 14

132 ± 16

137 ± 14

151 ± 20

0.47

0.7518

Valine

 

144 ± 19

153 ± 18

139 ± 16

155 ± 16

149 ± 16

0.44

0.7693

Free essentialsd

 

1046 ± 139

1206 ± 127

1050 ± 119

1045 ± 144

1070 ± 147

0.23

0.9136

Total

 

3411 ± 288

3561 ± 406

3418 ± 381

3492 ± 352

3513 ± 337

0.18

0.9314

  1. Means followed by different letters are significantly different (P < 0.05, two-way ANOVA, Tukey’s HSD)
  2. aCystine was detectable but not found in the samples; methionine and proline were also not detected, but they are included in this table because methionine is an essential amino acid, and proline levels are indicative of drought stress
  3. b21 July 2010 and 23 July 2011
  4. cdf = 4, 29
  5. dTotal amounts of free arginine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, and valine