Table 1 Determinants of OFATR with expected hypothesized relationships
Acronym | Description of variables | Measurement | Expected sign |
|---|---|---|---|
Dependent variable | |||
OFATR | Whether a household adopted conservational tree growing or not | Dummy (1 if grows ecological trees including a mix of indigenous species, 0 otherwise) | Â |
Independent variables | |||
1. Demographic factors | |||
 FAMS | Family size of the household | Number of people in the household |  +  |
 AGE | Age of the household head | Formal age in number of years | ? |
 GEND | Sex of the household head | Dummy (1 if female, 0 if male) | _ |
2. Socio-economic factors | Â | ||
 EDUC | Formal educational background of the household head | Categorical variable (no schooling = 1, grades 1–4 = 2, grades 5–8 = 3, grades 9–12 = 4, and grades above 12 = 5) |  +  |
 OCCUP | Occupation background of the household head | Dummy (1 if farming only, 0 if both farming and others) | ? |
 YTR | Source of household’s income | Dummy (1 if collects cash income from trees, 0 otherwise) |  +  |
 ACLF | Active labor force in the household | Number of active labor members |  +  |
 TRAIN | Training received about the role of tree growing in environmental conservation | Dummy (1 if yes, 0 if no) |  +  |
 TGEXP | Tree growing experience in the past | Dummy (1 if yes, 0 if no) |  +  |
3. Agro-ecological and farm specific factors | |||
 SULNTR | Availability of suitable land area for tree growing | Hectares of land area owned by the household and located on sloppy mountainous areas |  +  |
 FARMS | Farm size of the household | Total hectares of land owned by the households (in hectares) | + |
 AVATR | Sufficient availability of seedlings | Dummy (1 if yes, 0 if no) |  +  |
 HPP | High potential perennial agro-ecological zone | Dummy (1 if the respondent belongs to HPP zone, 0 otherwise) |  |
 HPC | High potential cereal agro-ecological zone | Dummy (1 if the respondent belongs to HPC zone, 0 otherwise) |  |
 LPC | Low potential cereal agro-ecological zone | Dummy (1 if the respondent belongs to LPP zone, 0 otherwise) |  |