Spatiotemporal climate and vegetation greenness changes and their nexus for Dhidhessa River Basin, Ethiopia

Environmental Systems Research

Table 8 Mann–Kendall and Sen’s slope results for monthly NDVI trends

AEZ	Parameters	January	February	March	April	May	June	July	August	September	October	November	December
Tepid sub-humid	Z-test	2.076*	2.004*	− 2.979*	− 2.148*	1.462	4.134*	1.607	4.134*	3.665*	2.654*	1.751	− 2.762*
Tepid sub-humid	Sen’s slope (year⁻¹)	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
Cool sub-humid	Z-test	− 1.813	− 1.379	− 0.759	0.976	1.844	1.999	2.030*	2.216*	− 0.449	− 0.108	− 1.131	− 2.773*
Cool sub-humid	Sen’s slope (year⁻¹)	− 0.001	− 0.001	− 0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.002	0.000	0.000	− 0.001	− 0.002
Warm sub-humid	Z-test	1.472	2.278*	2.185*	2.866*	1.658	1.875	2.464*	2.588*	1.472	1.348	1.255	1.193
Warm sub-humid	Sen’s slope (year⁻¹)	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.002	0.002	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001
Tepid humid	Z-test	− 1.255	− 0.759	− 1.069	0.697	0.108	0.046	0.728	0.604	1.813	1.674	1.255	0.077
Tepid humid	Sen’s slope (year⁻¹)	− 0.001	0.000	− 0.001	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.001	0.001	0.002	0.001	0.001	0.000
Tepid moist	Z-test	2.061*	− 0.077	− 1.720	0.976	− 0.108	1.054	1.844	2.959*	1.317	1.844	2.495*	1.767
Tepid moist	Sen’s slope (year⁻¹)	0.002	0.000	− 0.001	0.001	0.000	0.001	0.002	0.002	0.001	0.001	0.002	0.001
Warm humid	Z-test	− 1.100	0.356	− 1.364	1.224	0.480	− 0.170	1.472	0.728	1.906	0.914	1.162	1.162
Warm humid	Sen’s slope (year⁻¹)	− 0.001	0.000	− 0.001	0.001	0.000	0.000	0.001	0.001	0.002	0.001	0.001	0.001
Warm moist	Z-test	2.464*	2.773*	2.835*	4.199*	2.928*	2.897*	2.897*	2.464*	1.751	1.844	2.495*	2.897*
Warm moist	Sen’s slope (year⁻¹)	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.002	0.001	0.001	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.002