Table 3 Comparison of element concentrations (mg/kg) in vegetables reported in the literature
Location | Vegetables | Cr | Mn | Fe | Cu | Zn | As | Cd | Co | Ni | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Beijing, China | Cabbage | 0.01 | – | – | 0.25 | 2.42 | 0.01 | 0.005 | – | 0.058 | Song (2009) |
Potato | 0.03 | – | – | 1.03 | 3.77 | 0.01 | 0.015 | – | 0.054 | ||
Accra, Ghana | Cabbage | BDL | 3.69 | 37.19 | 3.33 | 9.55 | – | BDL | 0.44 | 1.77 | Lente et al. (2014) |
Lettuce | BDL | 63.96 | 108.07 | 6.26 | 10.61 | – | 0.01 | 1.07 | 2.78 | ||
Sao Paulo, Brazil | S. Chard | 0.07 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.05 | 0.17 | 0.21 | Fernando et al. (2012) |
Lettuce | 0.09 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.07 | 0.16 | 0.13 | ||
Cabbage | 0.39 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.12 | 0.51 | 0.54 | ||
Carrot | 0.09 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.03 | 0.15 | 0.11 | ||
Potato | 0.04 | – | – | – | – | – | 0.14 | 0.62 | 0.18 | ||
Lahore, Pakistan | Potato | 1.60 | 17.77 | – | 4.16 | 21.77 | – | 0.21 | 53.18 | 6.04 | Adeel and Riffat (2014) |
Cabbage | 3.06 | 17.26 | – | 4.92 | 37.76 | – | 0.27 | 47.2 | 5.05 | ||
Carrot | 1.92 | 17.45 | – | 5.34 | 19.39 | – | 0.29 | 51.2 | 5.33 | ||
Swat, Pakistan | Potato | 0.11 | 0.11 | – | 0.06 | 0.07 | – | 0.09 | – | 0.06 | Kifayetullah et al. (2014) |
Quetta, Pakistan | Lettuce | – | 26.11 | 384.41 | 8.00 | 76.46 | – | 5.63 | – | 3.08 | Abdul et al. (2011) |
Nagodi, Ghana | Cabbage | – | 3.98 | 4.80 | 0.07 | 1.52 | – | BDL | – | – | Boamponsem et al. (2012) |
Lettuce | – | 1.31 | 1.12 | 0.16 | 1.78 | – | BDL | – | – | ||
Carrot | – | 0.07 | BDL | 0.15 | BD | – | 0.08 | – | – | ||
Kera and Peacock, Ethiopia | Cabbage | 1.25 | 27.00 | 123.00 | 3.17 | 31.81 | 6.56 | 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.86 | Itanna (1998) |
Lettuce | 4.13 | 26.00 | 497.00 | 0.19 | 0.82 | 0.14 | 0.03 | 0.30 | 0.58 | ||
S. Chard | 1.55 | 52.25 | 494.00 | 7.97 | 52.10 | 10.67 | 0.06 | 0.50 | 1.50 | ||
Kera, Gofa and Akaki farm, Ethiopia | S. Chard | 0.84 | 64.09 | – | 4.90 | 22.37 | – | 0.32 | 0.82 | 0.88 | Weldegebriel et al. (2012) |
Eth. Kale | 0.90 | 19.41 | – | 6.00 | 23.45 | – | 1.02 | 1.46 | 2.46 | ||
Lettuce | 0.67 | 8.23 | – | 3.41 | 11.69 | – | 0.46 | 0.42 | 0.63 | ||
Cabbage | 0.06 | 3.82 | – | 0.99 | 3.07 | – | 0.18 | 0.05 | 0.38 | ||
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia | S. Chard | 1.96 | 147.07 | 362.5 | 11.59 | 57.77 | 0.12 | 0.10 | 0.34 | 1.47 | This study mean values |
Carrot | 2.23 | 14.05 | 214.50 | 7.33 | 23.03 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.15 | 1.00 | ||
Potato | 1.43 | 5.40 | 101.75 | 5.24 | 14.63 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.13 | 0.55 | ||
Eth. Kale | 1.60 | 28.19 | 177.80 | 4.80 | 37.35 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.63 | ||
Lettuce | 2.57 | 42.53 | 484.50 | 11.25 | 49.26 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.29 | 1.82 | ||
Cabbage | 1.66 | 29.31 | 357.50 | 3.26 | 24.20 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 0.21 | 1.26 |