Health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements via consumption of vegetables irrigated with polluted river water in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Environmental Systems Research

Table 2 Average concentration of elements found in vegetables of all farms (mg/kg)

Elements	Ethiopian Kale	Lettuce	Cabbage	Swiss chard	Carrot	Potato	Guideline value^a
Cr	1.60	2.57	1.66	1.96	2.23	1.43	2.3
Mn	28.19	42.53	29.31	147.07	14.05	5.40	500^b
Fe	177.80	484.50	357.5	362.50	214.5	101.75	425.5
Cu	4.80	11.25	3.26	11.59	7.33	5.24	73.3
Zn	37.35	49.26	24.20	57.77	23.03	14.63	99.4
As	0.07	0.10	0.08	0.12	0.05	0.03	0.43
Sr	102.18	30.76	65.51	45.86	21.32	2.71	–
Cd	0.08	0.10	0.04	0.10	0.05	0.04	0.2^c
Ba	46.71	18.07	31.65	69.17	18.85	1.97	–
B	21.79	21.18	16.97	33.71	17.90	6.10	–
V	0.40	0.86	0.60	0.69	0.39	0.14	–
Co	0.06	0.29	0.21	0.34	0.15	0.13	50^b
Ni	0.63	1.82	1.26	1.47	1.00	0.55	67