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Table 4 The raw values of each variable within three temporal sequences

From: Assessment of urban sprawl effects on regional climate change using a hybrid model of factor analysis and analytical network process in the Mashhad city, Iran

Factor

Variable (unit)

1996

2006

2016

(1) City center

DUC1 (%)

7.7

5.3

3.5

DUC3 (%)

60.8

69.8

67.5

DBS (m)

261

163

96

RED (%)

100

120

150

(2) Density

PDR (p/m2)

72

81

87

NPD (p/m2)

427

302

233

RPS (m2)

143

170

181

RLA (%)

69.2

78.1

80.9

(3) Land use

ILA (%)

6.8

7. 9

6.9

PLU (%)

3.7

4.6

5.1

MLU (%)

7.6

11.3

23.7

(4) Activity

AES (%)

51.4

65.9

78.4

ACS (%)

52.0

60.9

74.0

SLU (%)

3.9

4.1

5.2

(5) Structure

ABS (Ha)

0.68

0.85

0.73

SUB (%)

33.9

38.9

41.7