Land use/cover spatiotemporal dynamics, driving forces and implications at the Beshillo catchment of the Blue Nile Basin, North Eastern Highlands of Ethiopia

Environmental Systems Research

Table 8 Gain to persistent (g_p), loss to persistent (l_p) and net change to persistent (n_p) ratio of LULC categories in Gedalas watershed (1973–2017)

LULC class	Gain (G)	Loss (L)	Persistence (P)	G/p	L/p	N/p
Afro/sub Alpine veg	2.20	7.31	12.46	0.18	0.59	− 0.41
Bare lands	0.95	0.05	1.61	0.59	0.03	0.56
Farmlands/settlements	7.96	4.68	45.50	0.17	0.10	0.07
Grasslands	0.97	4.63	11.71	0.08	0.40	− 0.31
Shrub/bush lands	4.30	2.55	8.26	0.52	0.31	0.21
Water courses/beds	0.09	0.22	0.29	0.32	0.77	− 0.45
Woodlands/plantations	3.05	0.08	0.65	0.00	0.13	− 0.13
Total	19.53	19.53	80.47	1.87	2.33	− 0.46