Radon emanation and heavy-metals assessment of historical warm and cold springs in Nigeria using different matrices

Faweya, E Babatope; Olowomofe, O Gabriel; Akande, H Taiwo; Adewumi, T Adeniyi

doi:10.1186/s40068-018-0125-x

Environmental Systems Research

Table 3 Mean physicochemical parameters of sediments

From: Radon emanation and heavy-metals assessment of historical warm and cold springs in Nigeria using different matrices

Sample and parameter	No of sample	Metals (mg kg⁻¹)					Other parameters				Pollution indices
		(Pb)	(Cu)	(Fe)	(Cd)	(Ni)	pH	Cond (µS)	OM (%)	N (%)	I_geo					EF
		(Pb)	(Cu)	(Fe)	(Cd)	(Ni)	pH	Cond (µS)	OM (%)	N (%)	(Pb)	(Cu)	(Fe)	(Cd)	(Ni)	(Pb)	(Cu)	(Fe)	(Cd)	(Ni)
C₁	3	10.80	5.90	1510.0	1.60	2.00	6.51	93.5	0.22	0.045	0.108	0.027	0.0065	1.07	0.0060	1.67	0.41	–	16.50	0.091
C₂	3	9.10	4.80	1245.0	1.65	1.40	6.62	80.8	0.19	0.040	0.091	0.022	0.0057	1.10	0.0042	1.71	0.40	–	20.63	0.077
C₃	3	9.70	6.60	1840.0	1.60	2.60	6.51	93.2	0.17	0.030	0.097	0.030	0.0079	1.07	0.0078	1.23	0.37	–	13.54	0.097
C₄	3	8.30	7.10	1620.0	1.70	1.30	6.51	93.0	0.18	0.035	0.083	0.032	0.0070	1.13	0.0039	1.10	0.45	–	16.34	0.055
C₅	3	5.20	7.20	945.0	0.90	0.70	6.71	70.2	0.20	0.040	0.052	0.032	0.0041	0.60	0.0021	1.29	0.79	–	14.83	0.051
C₆	3	11.10	10.20	1015.0	0.90	0.90	6.71	72.0	0.20	0.040	0.111	0.046	0.0044	0.60	0.0027	2.55	1.04	–	13.80	0.061
C₇	3	9.20	3.80	1650.0	0.90	1.30	6.68	80.8	0.19	0.035	0.092	0.017	0.0071	0.60	0.0039	1.30	0.29	–	8.49	0.054
C₈	3	9.30	4.20	1245.0	1.10	1.40	6.68	80.9	0.19	0.035	0.093	0.019	0.0054	0.74	0.0042	1.74	0.35	–	13.75	0.077
C₉	3	6.70	12.80	1320.0	1.20	1.20	6.15	94.1	0.23	0.050	0.067	0.058	0.0057	0.80	0.0036	1.18	1.01	–	14.15	0.062
C₁₀	3	7.20	14.10	1445.0	1.10	1.10	6.50	94.6	0.16	0.040	0.072	0.063	0.0062	0.74	0.0033	1.16	1.01		11.85	0.052
W₁	3	8.50	6.60	1660.0	0.80	0.80	6.61	80.2	0.18	0.040	0.085	0.030	0.0071	0.54	0.0024	1.20	0.41	–	7.50	0.033
W₂	3	10.10	7.20	1825.0	0.60	0.70	6.68	80.9	0.20	0.035	0.101	0.032	0.0078	1.07	0.0021	1.29	0.41	–	5.12	0.026
W₃	3	10.20	6.80	2010.0	0.80	0.50	6.81	65.3	0.25	0.050	0.102	0.031	0.0086	0.54	0.0015	1.19	0.35	–	6.10	0.017
W₄	3	2.90	6.60	1920.0	0.80	0.30	6.82	64.9	0.23	0.050	0.029	0.037	0.0083	0.54	0.0009	0.35	0.36	–	6.49	0.011
W₅	3	4.60	6.10	1625.0	0.60	1.10	6.89	62.3	0.24	0.040	0.046	0.027	0.0070	0.40	0.0033	0.66	0.39	–	5.75	0.046
W₆	3	9.30	5.80	1770.0	1.50	1.10	6.91	54.2	0.20	0.050	0.093	0.026	0.0076	1.00	0.0033	1.23	0.34	–	13.19	0.043
W₇	3	10.60	6.60	1820.0	1.30	1.30	6.95	54.0	0.18	0.035	0.106	0.030	0.0078	0.87	0.0039	1.36	0.38	–	11.12	0.049
W₈	3	10.40	12.20	1990.0	1.40	1.20	6.51	93.4	0.18	0.030	0.104	0.055	0.0086	0.94	0.0036	1.22	0.64	–	10.95	0.041
W₉	3	9.10	10.20	1020.0	0.90	1.10	6.52	93.0	0.19	0.030	0.091	0.046	0.0044	0.60	0.0033	2.08	1.04	–	13.74	0.074
W₁₀	3	9.20	7.60	1250.0	0.80	0.90	6.75	69.0	0.19	0.030	0.092	0.034	0.0054	0.54	0.0027	1.71	0.63	–	9.96	0.049

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