Fig. 1

Cumulative and total CO₂ efflux from incubation of soils amended with A sole manure (M) or biochar (B), and B M combined with B over 56 days. Insets show total CO₂ efflux. Same letter (s) above the bars indicate no significant difference between treatments at p = 0.05. Vertical bars represent standard error of the means (n = 3). M0, M13 and M26 are M rate at 0, 13 and 26 tons ha⁻¹, respectively. B0, B20 and B40 are B rate at 0, 20 and 40 tons ha⁻¹, respectively