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Table 8 Results of a multivariate probit (MVP) analysis of factors affecting farmers’ adaptation strategies

From: Factors affecting farmers’ coping and adaptation strategies to perceived trends of declining rainfall and crop productivity in the central Rift valley of Ethiopia

Variables

Adaptation strategies

ENSEXP

CHATEXP

EUCALEXP

CCVAR

APLDATE

DRYPLT

DIVINC

TLU

0.104 (0.148)

0.096 (0.162)

0.046 (0.180)

0.344 (0.168) b

−0.119 (0.156)

−0.117 (0.163)

−0.125 (0.188)

TLU_ADE

0.315 (0.726)

0.230 (0.798)

0.899 (0.883)

0.730 (0.822)

0.498 (0.766)

1.126 (0.799)

0.301 (0.923)

TLU_CAPITA

−0.281 (0.753)

−0.418 (0.827)

−0.973 (0.915)

−0.720 (0.853)

−0.625 (0.794)

−1.175 (0.829)

−0.154 (0.957)

OLIVES

−0.060 (0.057)

0.021 (0.062)

−0.013 (0.069)

0.124 (0.064) a

0.029 (0.060)

0.007 (0.063)

0.035 (0.072)

COWS

−0.054 (0.122)

−0.068 (0.134)

−0.004 (0.148)

0.230 (0.138) a

0.104 (0.129)

0.120 (0.134)

0.070 (0.155)

OX

−0.092 (0.169)

−0.109 (0.186)

−0.082 (0.205)

0.367 (0.191) a

0.112 (0.178)

0.090 (0.186)

0.092 (0.215)

SHANDGOT

−0.004 (0.019)

−0.009 (0.021)

−0.001 (0.023)

0.025 (0.021)

0.031 (0.020)

0.008 (0.021)

0.003 (0.024)

DONKEY

−0.166 (0.105)

−0.095 (0.115)

−0.067 (0.128)

0.248 (0.119) b

0.082 (0.111)

0.092 (0.115)

0.067 (0.133)

DSTWOREDA

0.003 (0.001) c

−0.001 (0.001)

−0.001 (0.001)

0.000 (0.001)

0.001 (0.001)

0.001 (0.001)

−0.002 (0.001) c

TOTLANDS

−0.031 (0.093)

−0.156 (0.103)

0.217 (0.114) a

0.066 (0.106)

−0.063 (0.099)

−0.059 (0.103)

−0.006 (0.119)

LAND_CAPITA

1.541 (3.757)

−2.159 (4.128)

2.849 (4.567)

7.273 (4.256) a

−0.084 (3.961)

−1.126 (4.135)

5.307 (4.777)

LAND_EAFM

0.191 (0.317)

0.034 (0.348)

0.062 (0.385)

0.204 (0.359)

−0.434 (0.334)

−0.190 (0.349)

0.583 (0.403)

LAND_ADEQ

−1.780 (3.858)

2.683 (4.238)

−1.287 (4.690)

7.250 (4.370) a

1.385 (4.068)

1.729 (4.246)

−6.196 (4.905)

NFAML

−0.076 (0.085)

−0.133 (0.093)

−0.050 (0.103)

−0.032 (0.096)

0.077 (0.089)

0.027 (0.093)

0.062 (0.108)

FAMADE

0.098 (0.096)

0.172 (0.106)

0.160 (0.117)

0.048 (0.109)

−0.069 (0.102)

−0.012 (0.106)

−0.033 (0.123)

GENDER

0.215 (0.069) c

0.118 (0.076)

0.145 (0.084) a

−0.064 (0.078)

0.056 (0.073)

0.119 (0.076) a

-0.010 (0.087)

AGE

0.007 (0.003) c

0.005 (0.003) b

0.004 (0.003)

0.001 (0.003)

−0.004 (0.003)

0.005 (0.003)

−0.003 (0.003)

MSTAT

−0.001 (0.066)

−0.059 (0.073)

0.033 (0.080)

−0.028 (0.075)

−0.052 (0.070)

−0.078 (0.073)

0.109 (0.084)

EDUC

0.015 (0.027)

0.009 (0.029)

0.032 (0.032)

0.014 (0.030)

0.010 (0.028)

0.067 (0.029) b

0.096 (0.034) c

FEXPR

−0.003 (0.002)

0.000 (0.002)

−0.003 (0.002)

0.000 (0.002)

0.004 (0.002) b

−0.002 (0.002)

−0.001 (0.002)

MOBILEPH

−0.090 (0.076)

0.080 (0.083)

−0.101 (0.092)

−0.062 (0.086)

0.036 (0.080)

−0.099 (0.083)

0.080 (0.096)

FRINKBL

0.047 (0.025) a

0.010 (0.027)

−0.026 (0.030)

0.028 (0.028)

−0.002 (0.026)

−0.024 (0.027)

0.029 (0.031)

FROUTKBL

−0.004 (0.031)

0.018 (0.035)

−0.018 (0.038)

−0.002 (0.036)

0.025 (0.033)

0.003 (0.035

−0.059 (0.040)

VIISITDA

0.001 (0.009)

0.006 (0.010)

0.007 (0.011)

0.013 (0.010)

−0.003 (0.009)

0.002 (0.010)

0.005 (0.011)

MEMCELL

0.104 (0.055) a

0.030 (0.060)

0.010 (0.066)

−0.036 (0.062)

0.017 (0.058)

0.022 (0.060)

−0.051 (0.069)

RLGN

−0.139 (0.054) b

0.099 (0.060) b

0.007 (0.066)

−0.071 (0.062)

−0.021 (0.057)

0.066 (0.060)

0.063 (0.069)

SENBETE

0.355 (0.091) c

−0.188 (0.100) a

0.375 (0.111) c

−0.271 (0.104) c

−0.095 (0.096)

0.065 (0.101)

0.061 (0.116)

DSTMARKT

−0.005 (0.001) c

−0.003 (0.001) c

0.001(0.001)

0.001 (0.001)

0.000(0.001)

−0.002 (0.001) a

0.002 (0.001)

RADIO

0.232 (0.051)c

0.088 (0.057)

0.177 (0.063) c

-0.077 (0.058)

0.017 (0.054)

0.001 (0.057)

0.034 (0.065)

MEMLIQA

0.048 (0.071)

0.068 (0.078)

0.047 (0.086)

−0.150 (0.080) a

−0.171 (0.075) b

−0.159 (0.078)

−0.013 (0.090) b

RLOUTKBL

−0.059 (0.020) c

−0.011 (0.022)

0.006 (0.024)

0.046 (0.022) b

0.023 (0.021)

−0.017 (0.022

0.034 (0.025)

RLINKBL

0.047 (0.020) b

0.018 (0.022)

−0.024 (0.024)

0.030 (0.022)

0.011 (0.021)

−0.012 (0.022)

0.027 (0.025)

ETHINI

−0.179 (0.042) c

−0.306 (0.046) c

0.276 (0.051) c

0.092 (0.047) a

−0.031 (0.044)

−0.068 (0.046)

−0.028 (0.053)

  1. a,b,cMeans statistically significant at 10, 5 and 1 % probabilities, respectively. Values in the parenthesis are standard errors