Concentrations, hydrochemistry and risk evaluation of selected heavy metals along the Jimi River and its tributaries at Obuasi a mining enclave in Ghana

Environmental Systems Research

Table 3 Mean values of chemical parameters for water sampled along the Jimi River and its tributaries

Code	S²⁻ (mg/L)	SO₄ ²⁻ (mg/L)	NO₃ ⁻ (mg/L)	NO₂ ⁻ (mg/L)	HCO₃ ⁻ (mg/L)	NH₃–N⁻ (mg/L)	Mg²⁺ (mg/L)	Ca²⁺ (mg/L)	K⁺ (mg/L)	Na⁺ (mg/L)	Cl⁻ (mg/L)
AK	0.065 ± 0.03	103.00 ± 10.0	0.065 ± 0.02	0.05 ± 0.01	89.06 ± 6.4	0.06 ± 0.01	2.30 ± 0.26	26.2 ± 3.20	2.84 ± 0.31	3.67 ± 0.22	6.43 ± 0.51
AM	0.04 ± 0.01	136.50 ± 59.5	0.08 ± 0.01	0.06 ± 0.01	123.83 ± 5.50	0.125 ± 0.065	2.22 ± 0.20	22.4 ± 1.62	3.65 ± 0.14	4.68 ± 0.21	6.07 ± 0.33
JMC	0.03 ± 0.01	15.00 ± 2.01	0.09 ± 0.02	0.07 ± 0.03	63.44 ± 3.6	0.09 ± 0.01	0.81 ± 0.04	4.8 ± 0.40	6.45 ± 0.28	5.89 ± 0.33	4.45 ± 0.24
KAAC	0.13 ± 0.01	193 ± 5.0	6.60 ± 1.52	5.10 ± 0.87	347.70 ± 9.8	0.20 ± 0.04	18.95 ± 0.34	310 ± 2.84	4.61 ± 0.17	6.5 ± 0.41	7.20 ± 0.37
KKT	0.03 ± 0.01	148.00 ± 3.1	0.10 ± 0.01	0.08 ± 0.03	147.62 ± 4.16	0.06 ± 0.01	9.68 ± 0.14	32.8 ± 1.23	4.55 ± 0.24	6.09 ± 0.54	8.28 ± 0.62
OK	0.03 ± 0.00	86.00 ± 1.00	0.09 ± 0.01	0.07 ± 0.01	106.75 ± 3.05	0.065 ± 0.025	4.43 ± 0.83	27.6 ± 1.60	6.48 ± 0.42	6.38 ± 0.34	7.33 ± 0.49
PPS	0.05 ± 0.01	138.00 ± 2.4	0.80 ± 0.04	b/d	640.00 ± 11.1	0.19 ± 0.02	48.38 ± 1.06	656 ± 9.21	4.85 ± 0.32	4.64 ± 05	5.60 ± 0.32
WA	0.03 ± 0.01	193.00 ± 10.0	0.12 ± 0.02	0.09 ± 0.02	106.75 ± 3.05	0.13 ± 0.05	0.81 ± 0.21	11.2 ± 2.14	1.89 ± 0.21	3.78 ± 026	4.93 ± 0.38
WHO	N/A	250.00	50.00	5.00	N/A	0.5	150.00	200.00	250	250	250