Table 1 Parameters for estimating exposure assessment of metals in water samples used in the study (USEPA 1989, 2005; Wu et al. 2009; Liang et al. 2011)
| Â | Unit | Values | |
|---|---|---|---|
Adults | Children | ||
Concentration of metals in water (Cwater) | µg/L |  |  |
Water injection rate (IR) | L/day | 2.2 | 1.8 |
Exposure frequency (EF) | Days/year | 350 | 350 |
Exposure duration (ED) | year | 70 | 6 |
Average body weight (BW) | kg | 70 | 15 |
Average time (AT) | days | 25,550 | 2,190 |
Exposed skin area (SA) | Cm2 | 18,000 | 6,600 |
Exposure time (ET) | h/day | 0.58 | 1 |
Unit conversion factor | L/cm3 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Dermal permeability coefficient | |||
 Cd | (cm/h) | 0.001 | |
 Fe | 0.001 | ||
 Ni | 0.004 | ||
 As | 0.001 | ||
 Zn | 0.006 | ||
 Pb | 0.004 | ||